{"id":408598,"date":"2021-02-12T14:01:39","date_gmt":"2021-02-12T13:01:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/?p=408598"},"modified":"2022-01-11T15:39:25","modified_gmt":"2022-01-11T14:39:25","slug":"historie-neocekavanych-pohybu-na-trzich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/cs\/historie-neocekavanych-pohybu-na-trzich\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch pohyb\u016f na trz\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Situace kolem akci\u00ed Gamestop (GME) zaplavila v posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech snad cel\u00fd internet. Retail obchodn\u00edci dok\u00e1zali b\u011bhem t\u00fddne zv\u00fd\u0161it cenu z 37 USD na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 500 USD. Tento takzvan\u00fd short squeeze nen\u00ed prvn\u00ed a rozhodn\u011b ani posledn\u00ed neo\u010dek\u00e1vanou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed na finan\u010dn\u00edch trz\u00edch. Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na bubliny, flash crashe a short squeeze 21. stolet\u00ed.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Bublina Dotcom<\/h2>\n<p>Od za\u010d\u00e1tku 80. let do roku 2000 byly akcie v USA ve velk\u00e9m b\u00fd\u010d\u00edm trendu.<\/p>\n<p>Nejv\u00edce to bylo vid\u011bt v technologick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu, kter\u00fd t\u011b\u017eil z prudce rostouc\u00ed popularity a rozvoje internetu.<\/p>\n<p>Akcie jakkoliv propojen\u00e9 s internetov\u00fdm \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00edm let\u011bly strm\u011b vzh\u016fru.<\/p>\n<p>Nasdaq, co\u017e je index sleduj\u00edc\u00ed 100 nejlep\u0161\u00edch technologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, vzrostl z p\u016fvodn\u00edch 745 USD (za\u010d\u00e1tek roku 1995) na neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch 5 048 USD (10. b\u0159ezna 2000), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jen za posledn\u00edch 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f zdvojn\u00e1sobil svou cenu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/nasdaqchart.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-399605 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/nasdaqchart-1030x650.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1030\" height=\"650\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Po dosa\u017een\u00ed maxima v b\u0159eznu 2000 zp\u016fsobil n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed medv\u011bd\u00ed trend 80% pokles ceny, kter\u00fd trval a\u017e do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2002.<\/p>\n<p>Index S&amp;P 500, kter\u00fd je tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b sestaven z technologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, zaznamenal 50% pokles ceny.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina akci\u00ed internetov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed ztratila 95 % sv\u00e9 hodnoty, co\u017e v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech zp\u016fsobilo kompletn\u00ed bankrot a cel\u00e1 americk\u00e1 ekonomika upadla do recese.<\/p>\n<h2>S&amp;P500 flash crash<\/h2>\n<p>V kv\u011btnu 2010 se na trz\u00edch v USA stala velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 v\u011bc.<\/p>\n<p>6. kv\u011btna 2010 se S&amp;P500 zhroutil o 6 % za p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 7 minut.<\/p>\n<p>Pro z\u00e1jemce je zde \u017eiv\u00e9 video ze samotn\u00e9 akce.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Stock Market Crash - Flash Crash May 6, 2010\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/E1xqSZy9_4I?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pro\u010d je tento konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed flash crash tak zaj\u00edmav\u00fd?<\/p>\n<p>Obvykle je flash crash zp\u016fsoben v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi zpr\u00e1vami, kter\u00e9 nejsou dop\u0159edu napl\u00e1novan\u00e9 nebo takzvan\u00fdmi velk\u00fdmi hr\u00e1\u010di.<\/p>\n<p>Tenhle nebyl.<\/p>\n<p>Flash crash zp\u016fsobil Navinder Singh Sarao, retailov\u00fd obchodn\u00edk, kter\u00fd \u017eil se sv\u00fdmi rodi\u010di nedaleko od Lond\u00fdna.<\/p>\n<p>Navinder pou\u017eil algoritmus k zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00fdch objedn\u00e1vek, kter\u00e9 by byly p\u0159ed vypln\u011bn\u00edm zru\u0161eny, jedn\u00e1 se o nez\u00e1konnou praxi zvanou spoofing.<\/p>\n<p>Spoofing ve spojen\u00ed s u\u017e tak k\u0159ehkou situac\u00ed na trz\u00edch nap\u00e1chal nemal\u00e9 \u0161kody.<\/p>\n<p>Navinder byl pozd\u011bji obvin\u011bn z manipulac\u00ed na trhu, za co\u017e mu byl ud\u011blen z\u00e1kaz obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na finan\u010dn\u00edch trz\u00edch a dom\u00e1c\u00ed v\u011bzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud se chcete dozv\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edce o t\u00e9to ud\u00e1lost, a jak Navinder manipuloval s trhy, m\u016f\u017eete si p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst knihu \u201e<em>Flash Crash<\/em>\u201c od Liama Vaughana.<\/p>\n<h2>EURCHF Flash Crash<\/h2>\n<p>Jeden z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch flash crash\u016f se stal v roce 2015 na m\u011bnov\u00e9m p\u00e1ru EURCHF a vyvolala ho z\u00e1sadn\u00ed fundament\u00e1ln\u00ed ud\u00e1lost.<\/p>\n<p>SNB (\u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed banka) 15. ledna ozn\u00e1mila, \u017ee ji\u017e nebude dr\u017eet \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00fd frank v\u016f\u010di euru na hranici 1,20.<\/p>\n<p>To zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee se pomysln\u00e1 podlaha pod cenou 1,20 zhroutila a u n\u011bkter\u00fdch broker\u016f se cena zastavila a\u017e na 0,68.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/eurchf.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-399608 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/eurchf-1030x650.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1030\" height=\"650\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Tento flash crash zp\u016fsobil \u00fapadek mnoha broker\u016f a spousty retailov\u00fdch obchodn\u00edk\u016f sepisovali \u017ealoby na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed brokersk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, proto\u017ee se jejich Stop Loss pokyny nevyplnily v\u010das a obchodn\u00edci skon\u010dili s velk\u00fdm negativn\u00edm z\u016fstatkem na sv\u00e9m obchodn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtu.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1vrat na p\u016fvodn\u00ed cenu p\u0159ed propadem trval t\u0159i roky.<\/p>\n<h2>Yen Flash Crash<\/h2>\n<p>Za\u010d\u00e1tek obchodn\u00edho roku 2019 byl docela dramatick\u00fd, proto\u017ee 2. ledna sv\u011bt zaznamenal dal\u0161\u00ed flash crash i u p\u00e1r\u016f obchodovan\u00fdch s australsk\u00fdm dolarem a japonsk\u00fdm jenem.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/adujpycrash.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-399611 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/adujpycrash-1030x650.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1030\" height=\"650\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina tohoto flash crashe nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jasn\u00e1 a jedn\u00e1 se sp\u00ed\u0161e o spekulace.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina obchodn\u00edk\u016f si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee to bylo zp\u016fsobeno zpr\u00e1vou spole\u010dnosti Apple o progn\u00f3ze sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9ho prodeje v \u010c\u00edn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Tato spekulace je pon\u011bkud zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, proto\u017ee zpr\u00e1va vy\u0161la o hodinu d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se trhy propadly.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 28px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0px;\">Gamestop Short Squeeze<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Gamestop je jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch hern\u00edch obchod\u016f ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech.<\/p>\n<p>Kv\u016fli pandemii koronaviru musely b\u00fdt po cel\u00e9m USA zav\u0159eny v\u0161echny prodejny Gamestopu.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160patn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro spole\u010dnost p\u0159it\u00e1hly velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed hedge fond\u016f a instituc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 za\u010daly shortovat akcie, proto\u017ee pro\u010d neshortovat akcie spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou mo\u017enost vyd\u011bl\u00e1vat? Z pohledu investora to zn\u00ed velice rozumn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Tento nelidsk\u00fd p\u0159istup se ale nel\u00edbil online komunit\u011b Wallstreetbets, kter\u00e1 za\u010dala ve velk\u00e9m akcie Gamestop naopak nakupovat.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/gamestop.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-399616 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/gamestop-1030x531.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1030\" height=\"531\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Toto \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 souboj Davida a Goli\u00e1\u0161e, p\u0159il\u00e1kalo velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed div\u00e1k\u016f a hromadn\u00e9 nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed vyst\u0159elilo cenu akci\u00ed z 35 USD (21. ledna 2021) na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 500 USD (28. ledna).<\/p>\n<p>To zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee n\u011bkolik fond\u016f zaznamenalo v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty. Fond Melvin Capital \u00fadajn\u011b v lednu realizoval ztr\u00e1tu 4,5 miliardy USD.<\/p>\n<p>Cel\u00e1 tato situace dosp\u011bla do bodu, kdy broke\u0159i za\u010daly zakazovat n\u00e1kup nov\u00fdch akci\u00ed spole\u010dnosti Gamestop.<\/p>\n<p>I p\u0159es velk\u00e9 pobou\u0159en\u00ed mezi retailov\u00fdmi obchodn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed ozna\u010dili za naru\u0161en\u00ed voln\u00e9ho trhu, tento krok zabil cel\u00e9 momentum akci\u00ed a cena se od t\u00e9 doby vr\u00e1tila a\u017e k cen\u00e1m p\u0159ed vzr\u016fstem.<\/p>\n<h2>Volkswagen Short Squeeze<\/h2>\n<p>P\u0159ed Gamestopem byl Volkswagen.<\/p>\n<p>Tato ud\u00e1lost se stala uprost\u0159ed finan\u010dn\u00ed krize v roce 2008.<\/p>\n<p>V \u0159\u00edjnu 2008 akcie Volkswagenu obchodovan\u00e9 na burze ve Frankfurtu vzrostly o 400 %, co\u017e ze zna\u010dky Volkswagen v t\u00e9 dob\u011b u\u010dinilo nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnost na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/volkswagen.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-399620 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/volkswagen-1030x531.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1030\" height=\"531\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Znovu byly zapojeny fondy, kter\u00e9 shortovaly akcie.<\/p>\n<p>Tentokr\u00e1t se ale nejednalo o retailov\u00e9 obchodn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed hnali cenu vzh\u016fru.<\/p>\n<p>Katalyz\u00e1torem bylo Porsche s p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fdm ozn\u00e1men\u00edm o pos\u00edlen\u00ed pod\u00edlu koncernu Volkswagen a cenu pot\u00e9 vyst\u0159elily samotn\u00e9 fondy, kter\u00e9 sp\u011bchaly s uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm jejich short pozic.<\/p>\n<p>Pot\u00e9 co byl short squeeze ukon\u010den, trvalo pouze 4 dny, ne\u017e se akcie Volkswagenu vr\u00e1tily na p\u016fvodn\u00ed cenu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Situace kolem akci\u00ed Gamestop (GME) zaplavila v posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech snad cel\u00fd internet. Retail obchodn\u00edci dok\u00e1zali b\u011bhem t\u00fddne zv\u00fd\u0161it cenu z 37 USD na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 500 USD. Tento takzvan\u00fd short squeeze nen\u00ed prvn\u00ed a rozhodn\u011b ani posledn\u00ed neo\u010dek\u00e1vanou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed na finan\u010dn\u00edch trz\u00edch. Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na bubliny, flash crashe a short squeeze 21. stolet\u00ed.\u00a0 Bublina Dotcom [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":408600,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[88925],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-408598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychologie-obchodovani"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.5 (Yoast SEO v23.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Historie neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch pohyb\u016f na trz\u00edch | FTMO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/cs\/historie-neocekavanych-pohybu-na-trzich\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Historie neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch pohyb\u016f na trz\u00edch\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Situace kolem akci\u00ed Gamestop (GME) zaplavila v posledn\u00edch t\u00fddnech snad cel\u00fd internet. Retail obchodn\u00edci dok\u00e1zali b\u011bhem t\u00fddne zv\u00fd\u0161it cenu z 37 USD na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 500 USD. Tento takzvan\u00fd short squeeze nen\u00ed prvn\u00ed a rozhodn\u011b ani posledn\u00ed neo\u010dek\u00e1vanou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed na finan\u010dn\u00edch trz\u00edch. Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na bubliny, flash crashe a short squeeze 21. stolet\u00ed.\u00a0 Bublina Dotcom [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/cs\/historie-neocekavanych-pohybu-na-trzich\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FTMO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/ftmocom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-02-12T13:01:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-01-11T14:39:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/unexpected-market-5.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"628\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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