{"id":393243,"date":"2020-08-05T16:32:44","date_gmt":"2020-08-05T14:32:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/?p=393243"},"modified":"2022-01-11T16:28:31","modified_gmt":"2022-01-11T15:28:31","slug":"co-je-trh-a-proc-se-hybe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/cs\/co-je-trh-a-proc-se-hybe\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je trh a pro\u010d se h\u00fdbe?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Poka\u017ed\u00e9 kdy\u017e jsme sv\u011bdky n\u011bjak\u00e9ho v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho pohybu na trz\u00edch, hned se objevuje spousta expert\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tyto pohyby od\u016fvod\u0148uj\u00ed. \u201eTrh reagoval na tyto fundamenty.\u201c \u201eTrh reagoval na tuto technickou anal\u00fdzu.\u201c Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed se v\u017edy li\u0161\u00ed. Co ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le stejn\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla nab\u00eddky a popt\u00e1vky, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bl ka\u017ed\u00fd trader zn\u00e1t. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku si vysv\u011btl\u00edme z\u00e1klady obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed orderflow a uk\u00e1\u017eeme si, jak v praxi vyd\u011blat na specifick\u00fdch pohybech ceny.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Co je trh a pro\u010d se h\u00fdbe?<\/h2>\n<p>Trh je reklamn\u00ed mechanismus a v\u0161e co d\u011bl\u00e1, je \u017ee nab\u00edz\u00ed obchodn\u00edk\u016fm cenu. Ti se d\u00e1le rozhoduj\u00ed, jestli je pro n\u011b cena na f\u00e9rov\u00e9 hodnot\u011b nebo ne.<\/p>\n<p>Jedin\u00fd \u00fa\u010del trhu je zprost\u0159edkovat obchody mezi nakupuj\u00edc\u00edmi a prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edmi, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed naj\u00edt f\u00e9rovou hodnotu.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00edky t\u011bmto obchod\u016fm se trhy neust\u00e1le pohybuj\u00ed mezi f\u00e1zemi, kter\u00e9 zn\u00e1me jako trend anebo range.<\/p>\n<p>Pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dast\u00e1 chyba v\u00a0trendov\u00e9m trhu je my\u0161lenka, \u017ee v\u00a0dan\u00fd moment je na trhu nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00edc nakupuj\u00edc\u00edch ne\u017e prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>Toto tvrzen\u00ed ale nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b pravdiv\u00e9. Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho nakupuj\u00edc\u00edho mus\u00ed b\u00fdt i prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e jdou trhy sm\u011brem vzh\u016fru, nen\u00ed to t\u00edm, \u017ee je v\u00edc prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch ne\u017e nekupuj\u00edc\u00edch, ale proto\u017ee nakupuj\u00edc\u00ed jsou v\u00edce agresivn\u00ed ne\u017e prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-411622 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/auctioncz-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1627\" height=\"886\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>M\u016f\u017ee se to zd\u00e1t jako mal\u00fd detail, ale ve skute\u010dnosti tento fakt hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli ve spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00fdch pohyb\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0161e, co jsme si \u0159ekli je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed teorie aukce. Teorie aukce dob\u0159e vysv\u011btluje pro\u010d se trhy pohybuj\u00ed, ale nezach\u00e1z\u00ed do detail\u016f mikrostruktury trhu a co tyto pohyby zp\u016fsobuje.<\/p>\n<h2>Volume, Likvidita a Volatilita<\/h2>\n<p>Te\u010f kdy\u017e jsme si vysv\u011btlili z\u00e1kladn\u00ed principy trhu, m\u016f\u017eeme se pod\u00edvat na mikrostrukturu trhy a jak pohyby na trz\u00edch vznikaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Volume, likvidita a volatilita jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 faktory, kter\u00fdm mus\u00edme rozum\u011bt abychom pochopili pro\u010d se trhy pohybuj\u00ed. Poj\u010fme se na n\u011b tedy pod\u00edvat.<\/p>\n<h3>Volume<\/h3>\n<p>Volume reprezentuje po\u010det zobchodovan\u00fdch exekuc\u00ed. I p\u0159es to \u017ee je Forex OTC (over-the-counter) trh, kter\u00fd volume nezobrazuje, v\u0161e co n\u00e1m sta\u010d\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bt je, \u017ee term\u00edn volume pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me pro pozice, kter\u00e9 byly skute\u010dn\u011b zobchodovan\u00e9 na trhu.<\/p>\n<p>Vysok\u00fd volume = velk\u00fd po\u010det zobchodovan\u00fdch pozic, ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zp\u016fsob\u00ed pohyb na trhu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-411627 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/euro5-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1917\" height=\"899\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pro lep\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed se m\u016f\u017eeme pod\u00edvat na footprint graf EURUSD (futures kontrakt 6E), kter\u00fd zobrazuje zobchodovan\u00e9 bid a ask pozice.<\/p>\n<p>\u010c\u00edsla na lev\u00e9 stran\u011b zobrazuj\u00ed prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eili popt\u00e1vku, \u010d\u00edsla na prav\u00e9 stran\u011b nakupuj\u00edc\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed zvedli nab\u00eddku.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0161echny tyto pozice, kter\u00e9 na footprint grafu vid\u00edme, byly na trz\u00edch zobchodov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n<h3>Likvidita<\/h3>\n<p>Pozice, kter\u00e9 nebyly na trhu zobchodov\u00e1ny, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako limit orders, naz\u00fdv\u00e1me likviditou. Tyto pozice, kter\u00e9 jsou zobrazeny v\u00a0orderbooku, m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt jako \u201ereklamu\u201c pro obchodn\u00edky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-411632 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/dom-1.png\" alt=\"P\u0159\u00edklad DOMu zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed likviditu trhu.\" width=\"644\" height=\"649\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>P\u0159\u00edklad DOMu zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed likviditu trhu.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd obchodn\u00ed instrument m\u00e1 jinou likviditu. Likvidita trhu ur\u010duje, jak moc se dan\u00fd trh h\u00fdbe. Likvidn\u00ed trhy jsou v\u011bt\u0161inou pomalej\u0161\u00ed, naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed se tak\u00e9 \u201etlust\u00e9 trhy\u201c. \u201eTenk\u00e9 trhy\u201c maj\u00ed likviditu n\u00edzkou a mnohem \u010dast\u011bji na nich vid\u00edme velk\u00e9 trendov\u00e9 pohyby.<\/p>\n<h3>Volatilita<\/h3>\n<p>Volatilita m\u011b\u0159\u00ed fluktuaci ceny. Abychom v\u011bci nekomplikovali, velk\u00e1 volatilita znamen\u00e1 velk\u00e9 pohyby na trhu. Mal\u00e1 volatilita znamen\u00e1 pohyby mal\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h5>Jak\u00fd je vztah mezi Volume, Likividout a Volatilitou?<\/h5>\n<p><strong>Mal\u00fd volume + velk\u00e1 likvidita = mal\u00e1 volatilita<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Spousta trader\u016f m\u00e1 limit ordery v\u00a0orderbooku, ale z\u00e1jem tyto ordery zobchodovat je mal\u00fd. Trhy se pohybuje velmi m\u00e1lo.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Velk\u00fd volume + mal\u00e1 likvidita = velk\u00e1 volatilita<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Agresivn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci na trhu vstupuj\u00ed do pozic a protistrana nenastupuje proti nim = velk\u00e9 pohyby na trhu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mal\u00fd volume + mal\u00e1 likvidita = st\u0159edn\u00ed volatilita<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nakupuj\u00edc\u00ed i prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed se shoduj\u00ed na cen\u011b = trhy se pohybuj\u00ed v\u00a0rovnov\u00e1ze.<\/p>\n<h2>Jak na tomto v\u0161em m\u016f\u017eeme profitovat?<\/h2>\n<p>Te\u010f u\u017e zn\u00e1me r\u016fzn\u00e9 stavy trhu. Na kter\u00fdch z\u00a0nich se podl\u00e9 v\u00e1s d\u00e1 nejl\u00e9pe profitovat? Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b na t\u00e9 s\u00a0velkou volatilitou.<\/p>\n<p>Nejlep\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enosti na trz\u00edch se vyskytuj\u00ed p\u0159i signifikantn\u00edch zm\u011bn\u00e1ch nab\u00eddky a popt\u00e1vky zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 zm\u011bnou v\u00a0order booku. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, kdy\u017e agresivn\u00ed nakupuj\u00edc\u00ed\/prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed vstupuj\u00ed do trhu a zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed signifikantn\u00ed pohyby na trhu z\u00a0d\u016fvod\u016f mal\u00e9 snahy proti strany je zastavit.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i agresivn\u00edch pohybech trhy za sebou \u010dasto nechaj\u00ed gapy v\u00a0likvidit\u011b. Tyto gapy m\u016f\u017eeme rozpoznat jako sv\u00ed\u010dky kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed siln\u00e9 momentum a m\u011bn\u00ed sou\u010dasnou strukturu trhu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-411637 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/oilcz-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1627\" height=\"835\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Jak m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edkladu na rop\u011b, p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed volume profilu, vid\u00edme jasnou absenci volume p\u0159i pohybu sm\u011brem dol\u016f (tato oblast se tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1 low volume node).<\/p>\n<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je ale fakt, \u017ee p\u0159i n\u00e1vratu ceny se n\u00e1m naskytne p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost vstoupit do short pozice pot\u00e9 co cena vyplnila gap v\u00a0likvidit\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Zaj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00e1s, pro\u010d tomu tak je? Poj\u010fme se na to pod\u00edvat.<\/p>\n<p>Velc\u00ed obchodn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed tyto pohyby zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt opatrn\u00ed, pokud si vstup do trhu \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nerozmysl\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee je potkat slippage anebo front run jejich pozic.<\/p>\n<p>Do trhu proto mus\u00ed vstupovat v\u00a0oblastech kdy trhy konsoliduj\u00ed. Na t\u011bchto m\u00edstech najdou toti\u017e odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed pozic, kter\u00e9 budou slou\u017eit jako protistrana jejich obchodu.<\/p>\n<p>I p\u0159es to, \u017ee se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, nemohou odhalit jejich pozice v\u00a0orderbooku, proto\u017ee by ostatn\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di za\u010dali vstupovat do obchod\u016f p\u0159ed nimi.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00a0tohoto d\u016fvodu pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed opakovan\u011b stejn\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b nab\u00eddky a popt\u00e1vky a postupn\u011b buduj\u00ed sv\u00e9 pozice.<\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1v\u011brem<\/h2>\n<p>Pokud uvid\u00edte trh konsolidovat, je na\u010dase za\u010d\u00edt d\u00e1vat pozor, obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 kdy\u017e je konsolidace prora\u017eena velk\u00fdm pohybem.<\/p>\n<p>Jeliko\u017e velc\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di obvykle obchoduj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b dlouhodob\u00fdch fundament\u016f, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9 r\u00e1mce b\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b trochu spolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Poka\u017ed\u00e9 kdy\u017e jsme sv\u011bdky n\u011bjak\u00e9ho v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho pohybu na trz\u00edch, hned se objevuje spousta expert\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tyto pohyby od\u016fvod\u0148uj\u00ed. \u201eTrh reagoval na tyto fundamenty.\u201c \u201eTrh reagoval na tuto technickou anal\u00fdzu.\u201c Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed se v\u017edy li\u0161\u00ed. Co ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le stejn\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla nab\u00eddky a popt\u00e1vky, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bl ka\u017ed\u00fd trader zn\u00e1t. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku si vysv\u011btl\u00edme [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":411616,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[88909],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-393243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rady-a-tipy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.1 (Yoast SEO v24.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Co je trh a pro\u010d se h\u00fdbe? | FTMO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ftmo.com\/cs\/co-je-trh-a-proc-se-hybe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Co je trh a pro\u010d se h\u00fdbe?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Poka\u017ed\u00e9 kdy\u017e jsme sv\u011bdky n\u011bjak\u00e9ho v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho pohybu na trz\u00edch, hned se objevuje spousta expert\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tyto pohyby od\u016fvod\u0148uj\u00ed. \u201eTrh reagoval na tyto fundamenty.\u201c \u201eTrh reagoval na tuto technickou anal\u00fdzu.\u201c Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed se v\u017edy li\u0161\u00ed. 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